Ectopic fat depot in renal sinus has been shown to be linked with systemic metabolic dysregulation, vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular risk. This accumulation can activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by increasing renal interstitial pressure, which can contribute to atherosclerosis. Thus, this study aims to assess the correlation between renal sinus fat and indices of atherogenicity.

This cross-sectional analytical study involved 44 participants. We assessed the relationship between renal sinus fat area and atherogenic index of plasma, as well as lipoprotein combined index. Basic and clinical information were collected through interviews. Data also included anthropometrics, blood pressure, body composition. Blood samples, and urine samples were collected for biochemical analyses. Renal sinus fat was measured via Non-Contrast Computed Tomography. The correlations were assessed using Spearman correlation test. Data was analysed using STATA 14.0 software. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Mean (±SD) age of the participants was 38.2 (±9.3) years. Fifty-nine percent of the participants were female. Median (IQR) of renal sinus fat area was 50.42 (11.30-136.08) mm sq. Median (IQR) of atherogenic index of plasma and lipoprotein combined index was, 1.09 (0.65-1.43) and 14.51 (7.9-24.30) respectively. Renal sinus fat area showed statistically significant correlation with both atherogenic index of plasma and lipoprotein combined index (rho=0.31, p=0.04; and rho=0.36, p=0.02, respectively).

The findings of this study show a statistically significant link between renal sinus fat area and atherogenic indices in adults. The results underpin the hypothesis that ectopic fat accumulation in the renal sinus plays contributes to cardiovascular dysfunction, possibly through the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and atherosclerosis. Future longitudinal studies involving larger cohorts are necessary to clarify causal pathways, examine mechanistic connections, and assess the prognostic value of renal sinus fat measurement in preventing cardiovascular and renal complications.